What is COBRA?
So, here’s the deal with COBRA: It’s a law that says most employers with group health plans have to give employees the option to keep their health coverage for a while if they lose it due to things like termination, layoffs, or other job changes (aka "Qualifying Events"). Now, while COBRA is an employer’s responsibility, employers hire us to help them do manage it for them. At Igoe, we make sure impacted individuals get all the COBRA info they need, and we handle the nitty-gritty details like collecting premiums and enrollment decisions. This helps the employer’s insurance carrier keep coverage going without a hitch while the employer focuses on running their business.
What Role Does Igoe Play?
Igoe is a COBRA and premium billing administrator, not an insurance carrier. We're hired by employers to make sure they follow the rules and have a partner focused on giving their COBRA and premium billing members the help they need.
- We don't decide how much these benefits cost. The costs reflect the full retail value of the plans (and in some cases a small administrative fee called the 2% COBRA administrative fee).
- We don't get to determine the timelines or payment rules. Those are governed by law for COBRA and by the employer for premium billing programs.
- We DO help you understand how to navigate these benefits and are passionate about doing so.
When could COBRA apply to you?
We’ve outlined the most common Qualifying Events that trigger your right to COBRA continuation so that you have an easy way to identify when (and if) COBRA applies to you.
Voluntary Termination
In simple terms, voluntary termination happens when an employee chooses to leave their job, whether it’s by resigning, retiring, or stepping down from their position.
Involuntary Termination
In simple terms, involuntary termination happens when an employee is let go from their job, whether it’s due to being fired, laid off, or any other reason where the employee didn’t choose to leave.
Reduction in Hours of Employment
Let’s dive into reduction in hours of employment as a COBRA qualifying event.
This happens when an employee’s work hours are cut back to the point where they’re no longer considered full-time (often under 30 hours a week, depending on the employer’s policy). Because their status has changed, their health coverage could end or change as well.
Death of Employee
When an employee passes away, their family members or dependents might lose their health coverage under the employer’s plan.
If the employee who passed away was covering family members or dependents on their health plan, those dependents may be eligible to continue their coverage under COBRA for up to 36 months. This gives them time to transition to other coverage options while keeping their health benefits intact during a tough time.
Divorce or Legal Separation
If an employee gets divorced or legally separated, their ex-spouse might lose coverage under the employee’s health plan.
When this happens, the former spouse (or sometimes a dependent child) can elect to continue their health coverage under COBRA, just like if they had lost coverage for another reason. They’ll be able to keep the same health benefits, but they’ll be responsible for paying the full premium on their own.
So, if you’re going through a divorce or legal separation, COBRA gives the ex-spouse the option to keep their coverage for up to 36 months, ensuring they’re not left without health insurance during a time of transition.
Medicare Entitlement
When an employee or their family member becomes eligible for Medicare (usually at age 65), they might lose eligibility for their employer’s health plan.
If you or a covered family member become eligible for Medicare, you can still choose to continue your employer’s health coverage through COBRA for up to 36 months. The key here is that while you can stay on your employer’s plan, you’re now eligible for Medicare, so you’ll have to weigh your options between continuing with COBRA or switching to Medicare for your health coverage.
Loss of Dependent Child Status
This happens when a child ages out of their parent’s health plan, usually when they turn 26 (depending on the plan). Once they hit that milestone, they’re no longer considered a dependent under the employer’s health coverage.
If a child loses their status as a dependent (because of age, for example), they can elect to continue their coverage under COBRA for up to 36 months.
Reduction in Hours Worked
When an employee’s hours are reduced (typically to less than 30 hours per week, depending on the employer’s plan), they may no longer qualify for the company’s health insurance because they’re no longer considered a full-time employee.
How Does COBRA Work?
Alright, let’s break down how COBRA works, and don’t worry, we’ll keep it fun (well, as fun as you can make COBRA, anyway) and simple! So, imagine you have a great health plan through your job, and then... life happens. Maybe you lose your job, get laid off, or you’re a dependent on a parent’s plan, you turn 26 and have to get your own coverage (those are called “Qualifying Events”). When that happens, your health coverage could stop. But here’s where COBRA swoops in to give you the ability to keep that wonderful employer plan, if you want to! COBRA (which stands for the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act — try saying that three times fast! ) lets you keep your employer’s health insurance for a little longer, even after you’re no longer employed. This means you won't have to change doctors and hassle with finding new insurance. But here’s the catch — you have to pay for it yourself, and it will be a little pricier since you’re no longer splitting the cost with your employer. Here's where we come into the story. At Igoe, we help make sure you get all the COBRA info you need, handle the paperwork, and make sure those premium payments get collected and forwarded on to the right parties, so your coverage keeps going without a hiccup. In short: COBRA keeps the health coverage running after your job changes or you no longer qualify for your employer’s plan, and we’re here to help you understand how it works and take advantage of that opportunity!
The election period is a window of time, usually 60 days, where you decide if you want to take advantage of COBRA and keep your coverage. Think of it like a limited-time offer — you’ve got a little time to think it over and sign up if you want to stay on your plan. If you miss that window, the offer expires, and you lose out on continuing your health coverage through COBRA. If that happens, you will need to seek other health coverage options.
You can elect COBRA coverage through the Igoe COBRA portal. Make sure you do it before 11:59 PM Central Time on the last day to elect (which will be listed in your COBRA Notice). COBRA coverage won’t actually start until you’ve done two things: • Made a positive election • Paid all premiums up to the current month. Payment must be made within 45 days of a positive election decision. It's really important to make sure both steps are done by the appropriate deadlines!
In most cases, you can keep your COBRA coverage for up to 18 months as long as you continuously pay on time. Sometimes, your coverage can last even longer. For example, if you’re disabled or have certain qualifying events, you might get an extension — up to 36 months.
COBRA premiums represent the full retail cost of the coverage (plus a 2% COBRA administrative fee). Employer sponsored coverage is generally top of the market coverage. Without the employer sharing in the cost, the premium exposure can feel very high.
Go online and set up a free, secure, automated, recurring payment via ACH; make a one-time payment (additional fees are added by a third-party bank processor); mail in a check or money order; or schedule a bank bill pay. If you aren't paying online, make sure your payment is scheduled to arrive on time or post-marked by the payment due date. COBRA does not offer a grace period like other common "bills". So make sure to keep proof of payment in case something gets lost in transit.
Still looking for answers? Please contact us or visit our FAQs.
Helpful Resources
COBRA Resources
We’ve filled our Resource Center with everything you need—from handy how-to guides to fun video tutorials and beyond! Most of the Resources page is geared toward some of the more complicated employee benefits we support. Our COBRA resources are sorted toward the bottom of each of the various How-To Guides, Video, and Forms Library sections.
Download Forms
You can easily manage your COBRA and Direct Premium Billing Account through your personal account. But if you’d rather send us a form to drop a plan or cancel coverage, or if you’ve misplaced your COBRA enrollment form, head over to our Forms Library to grab the tools you need. You’ll find these forms toward the bottom of the Forms Library.
Know Your Rights
Do you want to know more about your rights? The Department of Labor (DOL) and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) are your best resources if we are not able to help you.
The DOL has rules and regulations laid out to help you understand what you’re entitled to. Think of them as your COBRA rulebook — if something doesn’t feel right, the DOL has your back with guidance and enforcement to make sure you get what you’re owed.
Meanwhile, the HHS is all about making sure your health coverage continues smoothly. If you’re having issues with your insurance carrier, like something being wrong with your coverage, the HHS can help out.
In short: the DOL makes sure everyone’s following the COBRA rules, and the HHS makes sure you get the health coverage you need.
COBRA, Retiree & Premium Billing Participants, Contact Us: (800) 633-8818 (Option 2), M–F, 8am – 5pm (PST), or email: [email protected]